General Law of Contract Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Talk about the General Law of Contract. Answer: Presentation Agreement lawis a significant field for any and each business, regardless of its scale and the business in which the business works. All together for the organizations to direct their business productively, it becomes critical that the contractlaw is appropriately followed, as almost every part of business requires an agreement to be formed[1]. Electronic Transaction Act, 1999[2], short for ETA is a critical bit of enactment where the various parts of contractlaw combine and through which, various guidelines for the computerized advertising are introduced. In the accompanying parts, a conversation has been conveyed in which thegeneral law of agreement has been examined. Aside from this, the various parts of ETA, which can be pertinent on the matter of Thelonious have been talked about and have been applied, in order to indisputably give a counsel to the customer. General Law of Contract An agreement signifies that a guarantee has been made between at least two gatherings, in which one side pays the thought and the opposite side attempts the condition for which the guarantee has been made.[3] An agreement can be made by putting down the terms on a paper and getting them marked from both the contracting parties, which would bring about a composed agreement; or essentially by trading the terms in an oral way, making a verbal agreement. For the development of agreement, there is a need to have the components of offer, acknowledgment, clearness, thought, goal and limit. On the off chance that even one of these components is absent, an agreement can't be formed[4]. The initial move towards making an agreement is the offer. One gathering brings to the table a few terms based on which the guarantee is made, to the next party[5]. It is critical to separate between an encouragement to treat and an offer. The previous indicates the point of the gatherings to begin with the arrangements for the agreement and the last demonstrates the point of the gatherings to be limited by the contract[6]. At the point when the products are shown on the shop window, they are an encouragement to treat as was expressed in Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots[7] and the offer is possibly made when the individual picks the merchandise and takes it to the clerk for charging. Thus, based in plain view, the businessperson isn't committed to sell the item. The adverts in the paper are likewise taken to be greeting to treat, as was broadly held in Partridge v Crittenden[8]. In any case, with regards to a one-sided offer made in the paper, as was held in Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company[9], which can be acknowledged through execution, it is considered that an offer has been made rather than a challenge to treat. The following stage which must be taken for the production of any agreement is the acknowledgment. The acknowledgment must be taken on the offer which was made and by the person to whom the offer was made[10]. The acknowledgment must be appropriately correspondence and a quiet isn't an acknowledgment and the celebrated case of this is Felthouse v Bindley[11]. It is significant that while conveying the acknowledgment, the offer is acknowledged in the specific way in which it was made, without changing or adjusting it. At the point when the correspondence has changed or modified term, it is considered as counter proposal as was broadly settled in Hyde v. Wrench[12]. What's more, this would imply that the first offer is lapsed. The date of acknowledgment, according to the general acknowledgment decides gives that the acknowledgment date is such date on which the contribution party accomplishes the correspondence of acknowledgment sent by the tolerant party. Nonetheless, a key special case to this standard is the postal guidelines of acknowledgment. According to postal principles, the acknowledgment date is the date of posting the acknowledgment letter and the accepting date of this letter is unimportant. The justification behind this is thinking about the postal office as the operator of the contribution party[13]. A main case wherein the legitimacy of the postal guidelines of acknowledgment was maintained was the situation of Adams v. Lindsell[14], whereby the court expressed that the agreement was enforceable. However, when an outsider reacts to such correspondence and send the acknowledgment, the date of receipt is the date of acknowledgment rather than the sending date, according to the instance of Leac h Nominees Pty Ltd v Walter Wright Pty Ltd[15]. Thought is one increasingly key component in contract development, without which, the agreement is announced as invalid. A thought isn't required to be satisfactory and simply must be adequate. What's more, it is likewise significant that thought moves from the promisee[16]. The measure of thought is commonly chosen the gatherings. What's more, if the thought doesn't have monetary worth, it makes the thought invalid, as was held in White v Bluett[17]. Another prerequisite for shaping the agreement is for the gatherings to have an expectation of going into legitimate relation[18]. The gatherings additionally need to have the authoritative limit, as far as being of lawful age and sound brain. In conclusion, the terms on which the agreement is based must be extremely clear for a legitimate agreement to be formed[19]. Electronic Transaction Act A key bit of enactment which is pertinent on the advanced agreements is the ETA. The electronic agreements are contracts framed through electronic methods. Under these, the offer and acknowledgment are made through messages. Every ward in the country has its own form of ETA, which is indistinguishable from the ETA of commonwealth[20]. Segment 14 identifies with the date of sending the offer and acknowledgment, which is lined up with the postal standards of acknowledgment. The date on which the correspondence is sent from the gadget of the sender is likewise considered as the date of offer or acceptance[21]. Segment 15 of ETA gives that the correspondence gets official on the maker of the electronic correspondence in such circumstance where the authority is gotten from the maker or was sent by the maker of such communication[22]. Segment 10 forces a commitment of signature[23]. This segment gives that in such situations where mark is a prerequisite, the condition would be esteemed as been met when the solid strategy has been chosen for such communication[24]. For example, the programmed inclusion of email headers, in Mehta V J Pereira Fernandes S.A [25] was taken to be a problematic technique for the marking of a document[26]. The legitimacy to the electronic agreements is given through area 19 of this act[27]. Examination and Application There are various subtleties that Thelonious would need to remember for shaping the agreements internet, inferable from his day of work towards an advanced stage. Especially when he needs to take up the online deals and set the site up, certain key components of the agreement law must be remembered, alongside the pertinence of the ETA. Just like the case with commercials in the papers, the adverts on the web are esteemed as greeting to treat. This can be deduced from the instances of Kodak and Amazon UK, where the costs were wrongly promoted and the court in both the cases maintained the adverts as greeting to treat. The goal is likewise considered for making the agreements through online mode. The Supreme Court on account of Stellard Pty Ltd Anor v North Queensland Fuel Pty Ltd[28] held that the term had been exposed to the agreement; anyway the offer and acknowledgment comprised of various rounds of telephonic discussion and messages. Furthermore, this direct portrayed the aim of the gatherings to shape an agreement; in this way prompting a substantial agreement being framed for this situation. So as to shape an electronic agreement, there is a requirement for an unmistakable notification to be given to the client and to give that the agreement law is relevant. Further, there is a requirement for a reasonable explanation to show what might be considered as an acknowledgment of the understanding. Also, in conclusion, the purchaser must be given an opportunity for checking on the terms and state of the understanding, before the agreement gets enforceable on them. There are two key types of electronic agreements. Also, these incorporate the navigate and the peruse wrap. The peruse wrap understandings have the terms and conditions at various page, which are gotten to through a hyperlink[29]. The navigate understandings is the most well-known sort of electronic agreements and in these an individual needs to look down through the whole terms and states of a specific understanding and the acknowledgment to this understanding is given by tapping on a check box or a catch which is put at the base of the understanding all together for the equivalent to be changed into an enforceable agreement. In a navigate understanding, the understandings terms and conditions are acknowledged by basically tapping on the I Accept or a comparative symbol. This is an end client understanding which for the most part accompanies the product canvassed in the plastic wrapping. The court held that by tapping on Accept symbol, which was given toward the finish of the legall y binding terms, in of DeJohn v The TV Corporation International, et al.[30], the offended party had gone into the agreement. In this way, it is vital for Thelonious to keep additional consideration when drawing up the site and picking one of these two strategies. Explicit Advice The precedent-based law of agreement and the ETA summed up above, alongside the various parts of the electronic agreements and the way wherein these two can be shaped draw out an unmistakable guidance for Thelonious. Thelonious is required to give a key consideration to every one of these laws and settle on educated decisions, and present the equivalent to his clients, especially when they need to shape the electronic agreement by just tapping on a catch. The clients must be plainly educated that by tapping on such catch, an electronic agreement would be framed, which would tie them in a lawful way. The key idea here that the offer and acknowledgment must be gotten and the brains must be met of the buyer and of Thelonious, so an I

Statistics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Measurements - Coursework Example An advertising chief of a notable book shop in the UK led an overview estimating customers’ dedication. Customers’ Loyalty was estimated with one inquiry on an ordinal scale from 1 to 10, with lower esteems demonstrating less quality and higher qualities more noteworthy quality. The administrator likewise took subtleties on their sex. The chief played out a t-test to look at whether there was a relationship between the factors dependability and sexual orientation. The outcomes are demonstrated as follows. The distinction between the methods is clearly fundamentally low at 0.86. In any case, from the test outcomes, the p esteem 0.0002 is less contrasted with the hugeness level of 0.05. Hence, we dismiss the invalid theory. We may in this way infer unwaveringness might be related with sexual orientation. It implies that the distinction between the mean unwaveringness level of guys and the mean dedication level of the females is 0.86. That is mean of male gathering less mean of female gathering is - 0.86. The negative sign shows that the mean of the female gathering is higher than the mean of the male

Good Reasoning Essay Samples

Good Reasoning Essay SamplesReasoning essays are basically long pieces of paper that students have to write for a test or for an essay subject. They should therefore be well researched, and thus it is important to get the proper literature on the subject. There are plenty of free resources available online but most of them are not great resources as they don't give sufficient information on how to write the essays. This is why free material is not very good and we should be careful on which websites we choose.One of the best places where one can find some good resources on reasoning essays is on the internet. The good thing about online resources is that we can use them anytime, anyplace, for any reason. Because online resources are available in the form of articles, articles are also very good sources of writing instructions on rational essays.Using essay samples for practice will also help us better understand the concept. One of the advantages of doing this is that the essays won' t be long. Thus it will be easy for us to review them when we need to come up with a longer essay on a particular topic. It is also advisable to read other essays that are similar to the topic on hand.Reading other essays will help us learn the logical structure of the essay. This can help us improve the structure of our own essay. We should always keep in mind that short essays that are well written require serious efforts to produce.We can find good essay samples in the form of text books and course material. You can also find good resources on the internet but be careful not to get too much literature. This may just overwhelm you will find it very difficult to write the essay.Take note that even though you may have written a lot of essays before, you will never succeed if you do not continue to do it. Writing good essays is an art and does not happen over night. You can ask help from experts to further improve your essay.For writing any essay that you need to submit for a test, i t is advisable to seek help from professionals. There are many workshops that you can attend to improve your skill at writing an essay. In order to become a good essay writer, you have to go through such workshops regularly.Good essay samples on reasoning essays will help students in improving their writing skills. It is better to get some guidelines that you can follow so that you can avoid getting overwhelmed by the abundance of resources. After all, there is no need to waste your time.

My Concert Review A Small Performance By Jay Blues Band...

For my concert review, I decided to go to a small performance by Jay Blues Band at a local pub and brewery, Titanic Brewery. This performance took place on Friday, November 11, 2016 and started at 10:00PM. The pub provided a simple, intimate setting for the band and it fit perfectly with the vibe. Most of the audience seemed to be young adults mixed with a few middle-aged groups here and there. With the bar being a good place for people to hang out and enjoy the night, I feel that the venue did a great job of setting the tone for the night. The stage was set at the front of the restaurant where everyone could see but it wasn’t distracting to people who were simply looking to enjoy some music during their night with friends. Overall, the audience’s response to the band was very positive. A lot of the people stayed until the end of though show even though they were done with their food and drinks. Also, it was a receptive audience as people would clap or cheer for the multiple solos coming from each of the band members. Personally, I loved the set up because I was able to sit at the bar, talk with my friends and watch the show with no problem. It allowed me to be comfortable while taking in the concert, which I thought was much better than being on a crowded floor. Another benefit of the intimate setting was that I was able to speak with the lead singer and guitarist of the band after the show. This was a great experience for me as I got to ask him about how he got intoShow MoreRelatedExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 PagesInternational strategy Innovation and Entrepreneurship Strategic options: methods Strategy evaluation Strategic management process Organising Resourcing Managing change Strategic leadership Strategy in practice Public sector/not-for-proï ¬ t management Small business strategy ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  PAGE NUMBER IN THE BOOK 605 608 619 625 629 652 662 667 677 685Read MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesCritical chain method Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Reducing Project Duration Leadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure and

Online Disinhibition Effect Essay - 1644 Words

The online disinhibition effect explains the untying of social boundaries and inhibitions which are commonly seen in one-to-one interactions that happen over cyberspace. For the past two decades, Internet has truly experienced an exponential growth. Even though there is nothing deterministic about the impact this technological advancement has, it is however certainly evident that Internet is changing people’s behavior in innumerable ways. In 2004, Professor John Suler, professor of psychology at the Rider University, penned an article named â€Å"The Online Disinhibition Effect† that essentially assessed the characteristics of internet interactions, which served as the contributing factors of such an effect. Interestingly, the term, â€Å"online†¦show more content†¦It is very difficult to characterize CMC. Firstly, CMC happens between individuals who are connected with one another with the help of an electric device. This device invariably discards quite a fe w of the direct feedback and communication mechanisms present in face-to-face communications. Because of the presence of a device between the people communicating with each other, this form of communication essentially becomes a more indirect form of communication (Postmes, Spears Lea, 1998). Further, another characteristic that distinguished CMC from other forms of communication is that it is text-based. Although there is still an extensive prevalence of other forms of communication in this world, text is possibly the single most important form of communication that is prevalent on the internet (Postmes et al., 1998). Generally, people navigate through the internet using text. It has become something that can easily be posted on the internet, and easily identifiable as well. In Henderson Gilding’s study in 2004 about the element of trust in online communications, one of the people they interviewed as part of the study described the text-based communication of CMC as, †Å"Text is the only medium you have online, and typing to each other,Show MoreRelatedThe New Generation: Internet and the Side Effects2002 Words   |  9 PagesThe New Generation: Internet and the Side Effects Submitted to: Professor Tonio Sadik Submitted by: John Yoo (4578772) SOC 3116 C November 16th 2011 The article, A Fantasy World Is Creating Problems in South Korea published by Choe Sang-Hun from The New York Times discuss the growing issue of internet gaming addiction among adults in South Korea (Choe, 2010). With the emergence of the internet, more and more people around the worldRead MoreProblem Solution Essay About Friend1747 Words   |  7 PagesDamon Climer Ms. Milliner EES22QH-03 June 01, 2017 Problem Solution Essay I have a small group of friends that get into arguments, sometimes going so far as to cut off contact when worst comes to worst, always claiming that the other person needs to grow thicker skin or just deal with whatever accusations come their way. These friends, sad to say, act like this online exclusively, a medium where disregard for another person’s feelings is normal, and insults are common place. This kind ofRead MoreEssay about How Terrorist Organization Exploit Media Coverage2042 Words   |  9 Pagespublicity to be generated by its actions.† Terrorists aim to inflict a psychological effect on the audience who are watching their atrocities through various media outputs. As Wilkinson mentions, â€Å"for terrorism by its very nature is a psychological weapon which depends upon communicating a threat to a wider society. This, in essence, is why terrorism and the media enjoy a symbolic relationship.† This essay will argue that media coverage enables terrorist organizations to thrive on the attentionRead More Media Violence and the Violent Male Adolescent Essays2229 Words   |  9 Pagesmovies, and video games, to the rise in violent behavior in adolescents. For this essay, I will focus on male adolescents. I will use multiple lenses for my research to (1) establish the increase in violent acts by adolescents in the past two decades; (2) use proven research to show the impact of media violence on the individual; and (3) to illustrate my recipe for disaster, four correlations that contribute to the effects of media violence on male adolescents.    Rise in Youth Violence Read MoreCauses and Effects of Internet Addiction Among Students10456 Words   |  42 Pagescondition (Shapira et al., 2000; Shapira et al., 2003; Young, 2004; Walker, 2006). In the scientific literature, several terms have been proposed to describe pathological Internet use: Internet addiction, cyberspace addiction, Internet addiction disorder, online addiction, Net addiction, Internet addicted disorder, pathological Internet use, high Internet dependency, problematic Internet use and others (Widyanto and Griffiths, 2006; Byun et al., 2009). To date, there is neither a conclusive nor a consistent

The Philosophy Of Epicurus, Epictetus, And Aquinas

Through the works of Epicurus, Epictetus, and Aquinas, it is evident that their philosophies inherit a great deal of virtue. Although roughly specified, virtue is implanted within their different ideologies. From achieving happiness, stoic beliefs, and in respects to Christian idealism, virtue turns out to be the driving factor in determining the ideal meaning of life from the perspective of each philosopher and it gives them their value. Backed by firm evidence, it is notable that virtue is more apparent in the Thomism philosophy. The philosophy of Epicurus sought virtue as a condition of serenity in the soul. According to his thought, Epicureanism is centered in the achievement of happiness through the elimination of one’s desires, and on pleasure and virtue claiming that â€Å"It is impossible to live pleasantly without living wisely and honorably and justly† (Epicurus, Doctrines, 1). This signifies that pleasure and virtue are interdependent and both sustain the concept of this ideology. To achieve happiness, one must do its best to live as virtuously as possible if they are to live a pleasant life. Pleasure is declared as the â€Å"beginning and end of the happy life† and by nature â€Å"the greatest good† (Epicurus, Doctrines, 13). This is so because living a life of pleasure means pain is absent and therefore makes life meaningful. Reason and virtue play an important role in the Epicurean notion of pleasure, leading the wise man to choose a simple life and rational action abov eShow MoreRelatedAristotle s Views On Happiness999 Words   |  4 PagesAristotle, Epicurus, Epictetus, Boethius, Augustine, and Aquinas connected on writing about the phenomenon of human happiness. Through these philosophers, various ideologies on happiness gets to be distinctly conceivable for one to distinguish and recognize the difference between what people think or feel happiness is and what the true state of happiness is. In the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle said happiness is the value and reason for every good thing, so happiness is deserving of respect. For

Probation Prison and Community Corrections Movement free essay sample

There are three theories or models of criminal justice. The first is the retributive theory, the second is the rehabilitative theory, and the last is the restorative theory. The first basically concerns itself with the punishment of people by putting them in boot camps/prisons or away from people, in order to deter their ways. Such acts instill discipline and fear, which in turn reduces crime. The second one believes that working with these people change their ways reduce crime (The U . S. Penal System: Restorative and /or Retributive Justice). The third restorative theory aims to reintroduce and re-incorporate the persons back into the community after retribution or rehabilitation. The retributive theory is optimistic and believes that people are innately good such that prison cells are built so that the prisoner inside the cell can be silent. As he is silent, he can meditate on his wrong-doings. This tradition believes that then spiritual transformation may take place thus rehabilitating such person. On the other hand, the rehabilitative theory is pessimistic, which is why facilities were built to bring about obedience. What is done is to â€Å"instill habits of work in people, help build their skills then they will be rehabilitated. The third restorative theory is one, which believes that true rehabilitation takes place when such person is allowed back into the community and is a combination of both retributive and rehabilitative theories, seeks to (1 )deter future and past criminals from doing a crime because the threat of incarceration looms (2 ) incapacitate the offender to stop the individual from possibly endangering others (3 ) punish the criminal by serving time and living a restricted lifestyle and (4 ) rehabilitate them for release into society (Fuller , 125-27). According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the probation success rate is 62%. Most probation programs are designed to (1) protect the community by assisting judges in sentencing and supervising offenders, (2) carry out sanctions imposed by the court, (3) help offenders change, (4) support crime victims, and (5) coordinate and promote the use of community resources. Background Parole in Americas criminal system is one of todays most hotly debated topics in the criminal justice field is whether or not individual states should abandon the parole system. Parole is a release from confinement after serving part of the sentence: conditional release from prison under supervision of a parole officer who has the authority to recommend a return to prison if the conditions of parole are violated. It is only in the last 30 years that community corrections have become a substantial part of the correctional system. The procedure known as â€Å"parole† in the criminal justice system has been in practice in the United States since the late 1800’s when it was begun in a reformatory in Elmira, New York. The ground work for probation was laid in 1830 with the use of release on recognizance. Probation began to emerge in 1841 with the volunteer efforts of John Augustus. He began by first recommending to judges that certain offenders be released under his supervision. In recent years, the push for alternatives to incarceration has, in large part, been in response to rapidly increasing prison populations in Canada and the United States. Legislators in Canada and the United States have passed legislation in recent years aimed at reducing or stabilizing prison populations. Canada and the United States have the highest rates of incarceration of all Western democratic countries, at 130 and 529 per 100,000 populations respectively (Correctional Service of Canada, 1995). Canadian prison and penitentiary populations are increasing rapidly, up 12% and 22% respectively between 1989/90 and 1994/95. Beginning in the 1950s, national attention was focused on the development of alternative, community-based correctional services. In the early stages of the community corrections movement, local institutions, residential centers, group homes and specialized probation services were promoted as alternatives to incarceration. In the late 1960s, a second phase of the community corrections movement stimulated an explosion of diversion programs that were promoted as alternatives to the criminal justice system altogether (Kornell, 2013). Community corrections offer viable alternatives to incarceration for offenders at various stages of the criminal justice process. The alternatives which may be available to offenders include are bail supervision programs, alternative measures programs, restitution programs, fine options programs, community service order, probation, intensive supervision probation, conditional sentence of imprisonment, attendance  center programs, electronic monitoring, community-based centers, temporary absence programs and parole. Its process provides for early conditional release from prison for convicted felons, after part of their prison sentence has been served, and they are found to be eligible for parole based on factors such as: conduct while incarcerated, rehabilitative efforts/progress, type of offense, and remorse for their crime. Its use has been expanded to many states, and today has become the primary way by which offenders are released from prisons and correctional institutions. Parole is a supervised release of a prisoner before they have completed their entire sentence. When on parole the parolee has to comply with the rules set forward for them or they will end up going back to jail for violating their parole. Some of the rules they have to follow include following the law, getting a job, and checking in with their parole officer. Parole does not mean that the offenders are completely free; they are still supervised by the parole officer. Benefits that many people feel it is time to do away with parole, while others are fighting for its survival. As with any controversial change, mainly there are pros and cons to parole and the argument, of all in which are very convincing. The basic arguments for and against the parole system at the state level can be easily defined. One of the strongest arguments against the destruction of the parole system is the overpopulation problem in most prisons. Since the early 1990s, the population of inmates in correctional institutions has grown astronomically. Between 1996 and 1999, prisons have seen a 41% increase in the population of violent crime offenders. For drug related offenses, the number has increased three-fold (Kornell 2013). So it would make sense to argue that eliminating parole would be detrimental to the criminal justice system and its penitentiary facilities. Parole is based on the belief that a controlled, gradual, and supervised release from prison back into society. Not only helps the inmate but also makes a safer society. However, the American public understands that not all criminals can be locked up. Doubts are being raised about allocating a significant proportion of tax dollars to prisons. Pouring billions of dollars into operating costs and new prisons constructions ($24. 5 billion in 1996) and seeing no reduction in crime will slowly move the public to reassess attitudes toward punishment. The US prison exists for these four reasons. Admittedly, the priority of these two theories is not the person put in prison but the community, which he /she violated and the other possible communities, which he /she may violate in the future. The prison system really at present is aimed at the protection of the communities rather than the rehabilitation of the prisoner. While the reason for the prison system is to deter past and future criminals, incapacitate the offender, punish the criminal and rehabilitate them, what is accomplished by the system at present are the first three. While the prison system aims at rehabilitating the person, the community outside does not afford the person the opportunity to rehabilitate himself within the community. Case-in-point are fourteen states in the country where ex-felons are not allowed to vote because of their crimes. Unfortunately, parole is not always rewarded to worthy inmates, thus putting society at risk for repeated crimes that often outweigh the benefits of parole, therefore, parole should be abolished and inmates should be made to complete their full sentence. When deciding whether or not to release an inmate on parole the most important factor is the protection of society. Just because the inmate has been good and has followed all the rules does not mean that they are going to get parole. In order to be released on parole the inmate must be eligible. Not all prisoners are eligible for parole during their sentences. For example prisoners serving life sentences are not likely eligible. 45% of parolees will complete their supervision and will then be released, While the other 55% of parolees will violate their parole and end up back in jail. The ones who are convicted of offending are also charged with violating their parole. Parole not only helps the inmate get released back into society, it also helps the prisons with space. There are many things that influence how a judge sentences a person to jail or probation. Each state has a mandatory prison sentence in regards to the type of crime. The most common prohibited probation offenses are murder, use of weapon, sex offenders, prior felony, kidnapping, drug crimes robbery and repeated drunk driving. There are four factors in revoking probation for an offender, them being; lack of availability, he offenders willingness to accept probation, the Pre-Sentence Investigation report. When it comes to providing supervision of an offender, there has to be the resources to do so. The United States has so many offenders out on probation and parole that the ratio from offender to PO is over overwhelming. So when there are not enough resources available the judge has no other choice but to place the offender into the corrections supervision for a period of time. Some offenders would rather take the shorter sentence of prison then a long probation period. Doing the jail time, when they get out they can move around and do what they please without getting permission from the state. Most of the times the offenders who chose to take prison over probation are going to end up back in the system. (Recidivism 2007). Community involvement and reaction Research also shows that citizens are less punishment-oriented than many political leaders believe. For example, in surveys conducted in Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Alabama, the Public Agenda Foundation of New York City found that â€Å"when the public is made aware of the possible range of punishments, and given information about how and with whom they are used, they support alternatives to incarceration-including punishments administered in the community- for offenders considered nonviolent and low risk. (Kornell 2013). An incident occurred in Palm Beach were a 19-year old woman dodged a lengthy prison sentence for DUI manslaughter involving the death of two people and injury to two others. The Circuit Judge sentenced a sophomore attending the University of Florida to 15 years in prison, then suspended the sentence and put her on probation with a host of special conditions; one is that she spends a year in jail upon completion of her college degree. The other is her license is permanently revoked, although she can apply for a hardship license. There are other conditions, but know she is labeled a felon on any job applications she applies for. (Recidivism 2007). In this case we see the effects of probation and parole and how it can affect the life of the criminal forever in varying ways.

Tech For Special Ed Essays - Computational Linguistics,

Tech For Special Ed DYNAMYTE During my visit to a Technology Center, I was able to view various technological devices used for assisting disabled students. While many of the devices intrigued me, I found the machine DynaMyte to be the most impressive. The machine is used to help students to communicate. This machine has a touch screen that enables students to put sentences together. The screen consists of twenty-five boxes, which link to different aspects of a chosen topic. For instance, if a student touched the ?Home? topic, they will be linked to another page containing various sub-topics associated with the home. By choosing various words, the students can arrange sentences. With a touch of the screen, the computer through synthesized speech, communicates the sentence that the student has produced. The device is also useful by keeping track of the words they have created for their sentence. This device is used to help students who posses a lack of motor abilities, speech impediments, autism, cerebral palsy, as well as other disabilities. The machine has several ?switches? which the consumer could purchase, to help them compensate for their particular disability. The machine typically costs between seven and eight thousand dollars. The price can increase with several additives. Besides the ?switches?, the consumer could also opt for a larger screen, which would bring up the price of the DynaMyte. This machine was created to be a compact version of the DynaBox, which is twice the size of the DynaMyte. This machine is very useful in helping students to communicate. Though the instructor did mention noted concern about the students desire to pursue speaking by themselves, she stated that the overall opinion of this machine was optimistic. Technology

Profile and Key Facts About President Harry Truman

Profile and Key Facts About President Harry Truman Truman was born on May 8, 1884 in Lamar, Missouri. He grew up on farms and in 1890 his family settled in Independence, Missouri. He had bad eyesight from a youth but he loved to read having been taught by his mother. He especially liked history and government. He was an excellent piano player. He went to local grade and high schools. Truman did not continue his education until 1923 because he had to help make money for his family. He did attend two years of law school from 1923-24. Fast Facts: Harry S Truman Born: May 8, 1884, Lamar, MODied: December 26, 1972Parents: John Anderson Truman and Martha Ellen Young TrumanTerm of Office: April 12, 1945 - Jan. 20, 1953Spouse: Elizabeth Bess Virginia Wallace (1919)Children: Mary Jane TrumanMajor Events in Office: Atomic Bombs  dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki (1945), end of World War II  (1945), creation of United Nations (1945), Nuremburg Trials (1945-1946), Truman Doctrine  (1947), Taft-Hartley Act (1947), creation of Israel, Marshall Plan  (1948-1952), NATO Treaty (1949), Korean Conflict  (1950-1953), Twenty-Second Amendment Ratified  (1951), Hydrogen Bomb Detonated (1952)Famous Quote: Im going to fight hard. Im going to give them hell. Family Truman was the son of John Anderson Truman, a farmer and livestock trader and active Democrat and  Martha Ellen Young Truman. He had one brother,  Vivian Truman, and one sister, Mary Jane Truman. On  June 28, 1919, Truman married  Elizabeth Bess Virginia Wallace. They 35 and 34, respectively. Together, they had one  daughter, Margaret Truman. She is a singer and a novelist, writing not only biographies of her parents but also mysteries. Harry S Trumans Career Before the Presidency Truman worked at odd jobs after graduating from high school to help his family make ends meet. He helped on his fathers farm from 1906 until he joined the military to fight in World War I. After the war he opened a hat shop which failed in 1922. Truman was made a judge of Jackson Co., Missouri, which was an administrative post. From 1926-34, he was the head judge of the county. From 1935-45, he served as a Democratic Senator representing Missouri. Then in 1945, he assumed the vice presidency. Military Service Truman was a member of the National Guard. In 1917, his unit was called up into regular service during World War I. He served from August 1917 until May 1919. He was made a commander of a Field Artillery unit in France. He was part of the Meuse-Argonne offensive in 1918 and was at Verdun at the end of the war. Becoming the President Truman took over the presidency upon Franklin Roosevelts death on April 12, 1945. Then in 1948, the Democrats were at first unsure about backing Truman but eventually rallied behind him to nominate him to run for president. He was opposed by Republican Thomas E. Dewey, Dixiecrat Strom Thurmond, and Progressive Henry Wallace. Truman won with 49% of the popular vote and 303 of the possible 531 electoral votes. Events and Accomplishments of Harry S Truman’s Presidency The war in Europe ended in May, 1945. However, America was still at war with Japan. One of the most important decisions made by Truman or possibly any other president was the use of the  atomic bombs in Japan. He ordered two bombs:  one against Hiroshima  on August 6, 1945 and one against Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. Trumans goal was to stop the war quickly avoiding further losses of allied troops. Japan sued for peace on August 10th and surrendered on September 2, 1945. Truman was president during the  Nuremberg Trials  which punished 22 Nazi leaders for numerous crimes including crimes against humanity. 19 of them were found guilty. Also,  the United Nations  was created in order to try and avoid future world wars and to help settle conflicts peacefully. Truman created the  Truman Doctrine  which stated that it was the duty of the U.S. to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or outside pressures. America joined with Great Britain to fight against a Soviet blockade of Berlin by airlifting over 2 million tons of supplies to the city. Truman agreed to help rebuild Europe in what was called  the Marshall Plan. America spent over $13 billion dollars to help get Europe back on its feet. In 1948, The Jewish people created the state of Israel in Palestine. The U.S. was among the first to recognize the  new nation. From 1950-53, America participated in the  Korean Conflict. North Korean Communist forces had invaded South Korea. Truman got the UN to agree that the U.S. could expel the North Koreans out of the South. MacArthur was sent in and called for America to go to war with China. Truman would not agree and MacArthur was removed from his post. The U.S. did not achieve its objective in the conflict. Other important issues of Trumans time in office were the  Red Scare, the passage of the 22nd Amendment  limiting a president to two terms,  the Taft-Hartley Act, Trumans Fair Deal, and an  assassination attempt  in 1950. Post Presidential Period Truman decided not to seek reelection in 1952. He retired to Independence, Missouri. He remained active in supporting Democratic candidates for the presidency. He died on December 26, 1972. Historical Significance It was President Truman who made the final decision to use the atomic bombs on Japan to speed up the end of the World War II. His use of the bomb was not only a way to stop what could have been a bloody fight on the mainland but also to send a message to the Soviet Union that the U.S. was not afraid to use the bomb if necessary. Truman was president during the beginnings of the Cold War and also during the Korean War.

Contempary issues in change management - Major Assignment Essay

Contempary issues in change management - Major Assignment - Essay Example s for inculcating a new change management organizational culture that has, at its core, the process robust knowledge management which ensures a healthy employees’ participation through the concepts of employee empowerment and employee motivation within the ambit of a transformational approach to change management. The very first important step toward creating a change management system within any organization is the thorough assessment of the organization culture, to assess the level of change management maturity level. Such a change process will transform itself into competitive advantage only when it is properly captured, inculcated and shared and of these the very important step being the capturing of the change management system. Capturing of such a system as a dynamic snapshot -particularly in high value selling environments like the one prevailing in the Corporate Express Australia Ltd (the organization under reference) and which is at the centre of this research is highly problematic as the nature of tasks and activities within these organization are very unpredictable, complex and dynamic, dynamic in the sense because of constant, recurrent and reorganization of the organizational targets and objectives to match changing environment. Changing environment warrants capturing of knowledg e and knowledge management within the organization. Thus one should have an organizational culture that leads to the maximum capture of the environmental and business specific knowledge; ensures its total assimilation and utilizes it in making time specific effective decisions that maximize the value for the organization in its value chain-which can be interpreted in financial terminology in terms of profits and turnover on the one hand and improved or enhanced employees’ productivity and satisfaction, on the other hand. Thus organizational culture and knowledge management systems can be used as tools to target above financial and employees’ specific variables under

Jia-Mo Chen, Cello Post Graduate Recital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Jia-Mo Chen, Cello Post Graduate Recital - Essay Example The music has a refreshing expression of glittering passion with a meditation on modern civilization. The cello has marked dynamic extremes and textural imagination in dramatic musical presentation. The music is moving toward and its music skillfully drawing the East and West and creates real music for the society. The sound was delight in every way that allows fascinating ideas and new sounds with complex textures. The version of Bach cello is the finest and it is musical from end to end and the sound is gorgeous. Surprisingly, it is the most beautiful cuts of cello music ever recorded and its sound and production quality were the best on studio monitors with a nice room sound and good mastering work. The playing is so refined, balanced, and non obtrusive and the interpretation provides much feelings as the listeners don’t like being over sentimental and mannered. The sound is wonderful and it contains beautiful tones produced by a cello. The composition and sound has elegant phrasing and balanced interpretations. Shostakovich’s music is a study in sharp and from the lyrical opening of Allegro non troppo that brings the final Allegretto. It harmonizes discordant raw materials of human emotions. The music of Shostakovich has kinetic quality that suggests manic perpetual motion machine. Its principal theme conjures images and the Largo derives searing intensity from the sequence of slow motion gestures on stasis. Shostakovich’s music has many styles and the Cello has conservative harmonic language and it is particular with broad lyricism.

Sexual and Gender Identity, Personality, and Eating Disorders, classifications, components Essay Example for Free

Sexual and Gender Identity, Personality, and Eating Disorders, classifications, components Essay Abnormal disorders diagnosed in the DSM-IV-TR, a multi-axial diagnostic tool, used by clinicians, psychologists, psychiatrists, and medical professionals for the classification of mental disorders (Hansell Damour, 2008). Axis I and Axis II of the DSM-IV-TR covers classifications of mental disorders that include unwelcome types of distress and impairment, that constitutes mental disease, disorder, and or disability. This paper takes into account the diagnostic categories of sexual and gender identity, personality and eating disorders along with the basic distinction. Axis I and Axis II provides a quick reference for the three disorders. Sexual and gender identity disorders tend to be deviant, unsuspecting, fetishism,and erotic. Personality disorders tend to be enduring, pervasive, and subjectively indistinguishable; whereas eating disorders include feelings of hunger, are self-induced, self-defeating, and emotional. This paper will address the biological, emotional, cognitive and behavioral components of three Axis I and Axis II, sexual and gender identity, personality and eating disorders: anorexia bulimia, a, gender identity, exhibitionism, schizoid, paranoid. Diagnose and evaluate our case analysis of Alfred C. Kinsey, inadequate feeling of himself, which gained him explicit interest in sex. Major DSM Categories Sexual and Gender Identity Sex and gender disorders fall into the Axis I categories of: sexual dysfunctions, sexual desire, sexual arousal, sexual pain disorders, orgasmic, Paraphilia’s, and gender identity disorder. When considering sex and gender disorders it is imperative to keep in mind that normal and abnormal behaviors occur on continuing bases and that the factors of impairment and distress most often signify abnormality (Hansell Damour, 2008). Personality Disorder This classification begins with the general definition of personality disorder that has an unhealthy array of behaving, thinking and functioning that applies to each 10 personality disorders these include: paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal, antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic, avoidant, dependent and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Axis II disorders are more pervasive and less able to be independently distinguished. Personality disorders still include the elements of distress and impairment as guidelines for the diagnosis of dysfunction. Eating Disorder The DSM-IV-TR includes two Axis I categories of eating disorders: anorexia nervosa, restricting to binge-eating, purging types, and bulimia nervosa restricting to purging and non-purging types. Anorexia nervosa affects between 0. 5% and 1% of the general population in the United States currently and bulimia nervosa affects up to 3% (Hansell Damour, 2008). When considering eating disorders it is important to take into account that some sub-groups in the American culture have extremely low body, such as gymnast and models, which complicates the diagnosis of eating disorders. Components of Sexual and Gender Identity Biological There are many biological factors that can affect sexual function. Biological components include aging, cigarette smoking, poor diet, medications, medical illness, brain injuries, and some degenerative diseases have been implicated in paraphilia’s. Research has discovered a connection in gender identity disorder to predispositions in the endocrine system which affects sexual and gender behaviors (Hansell Damour, 2008). Emotional Freud believed deviant sexual behavior is a defense mechanism in response to an internal emotional conflict and such behaviors provide a protective function. The inability to cope with and exert control over past humiliation fits right into paraphilia’s (Hansell Damour, 2008). In gender identity disorders, research emphasizes deviant or deficient parental relationships (Hansell Damour, 2008). Cognitive The greatest component that affects sexual functioning is anxiety. It is generally fluid by cognitive aspects such as psychological hang ups and emotional response. The individual is sexually aroused to deviant stimuli, which create maladaptive thought processes to accommodate the perceived deviance. The inappropriate behavior  preserve the maladaptive thoughts required to accommodate the behavior (Hansell Damour, 2008). Behavioral Deviant sexual behavior can be learned by observing abnormal sexual behavior or participating in such behavior. Children rewarded for inappropriate sexual behaviors, (such as viewing or participating in pornography) can develop paraphilia. Therapy can focus on re-establishing healthy sexual behavior by reinforcing more appropriate behaviors (Hansell Damour, 2008). Components of Personality Disorder Biological Many personality disorders have been linked to genetics. Biological components disorders in personality disorders include altered brain structures, reduced gray and white matter, various neurotransmitter abnormalities, prenatal substance exposure, and low serotonin levels. The beliefs that some personality is the result of an overlap of genetics and environmental effects. Emotional Personality disorders generally reflect a disruptive childhood from which the child learns to rely on maladaptive defense mechanisms. Parental criticism and ridicule are central themes underlying these disorders. Additional research supports claims of childhood sexual or physical abuse, although this is not always characteristic in these disorders (Hansell Damour, 2008). Cognitive Cognitive components of personality disorders include the understanding that childhood experiences shape specific thought patterns or outlines, which have a significant effect on patterns of the individual’s behavior and perception which later becomes the personality. Maladaptive belief’s and behaviors are characteristics in personality disorders were therapy works towards replacing these beliefs and behaviors with more effective and useful ones. Behavioral Personality disorder are produced by maladaptive behaviors and thought processes created in childhood which persist because individuals are usually attracted to experiences that fit into their lives whether or not they are maladaptive. Therefore the maladaptive behaviors are maintained. People affected with personality disorders dictate underlining beliefs onto every facet of their lives, yet they have difficulty questioning these beliefs (Hansell Damour, 2008). Components of Eating Disorders Biological Biological components include a genetic factors, hormonal and neural abnormalities. Individuals who have hormonal and neural abnormalities tend to have no control over their eating habits, which causes them unleveled amounts of hormones related to hunger. Bulimia nervosa is linked to low hormone amount that suppress the appetite, this causes the individual to feel excessively hungry. It is the reverse case for anorexia nervosa. Emotional Eating disorder may be a complex reaction to high expectations set by parents and promoted by the individual. The body image becomes the high standard to an individual and not achieving it becomes the emotional instability part of their lives. Many strive toward high expectations and suffer the effects of not reaching those (Hansell Damour, 2008). Cognitive According to Hansell and Damour (2008), cognitive explanations of eating disorders emphasizes on rigid maladaptive beliefs, fixed thought patterns, self-defeating and self-perpetuating behavioral strategies. Cognitive explanations of eating disorders focus on eating or starvation that reinforces eating. Individual have distorted thoughts about food, body weight, body images and persevere in the belief they need to lose weight, or are afraid of gaining weight. Behavioral People with eating disorders participate in behaviors such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, binging, and excessive exercise after eating in an effort to maintain their body weight. In anorexia individuals find comfort in starvation. Eating disorders are a result of inappropriate thoughts that reinforce haphazard eating behaviors (Hansell Damour, 2008). Case Analysis of Alfred C. Kinsey Alfred C Kinsey grew up with a controlling father, which caused him feeling of inadequacy. His family consisted of both parents, himself, very little affection and seemingly sexless household. His inadequate feeling gave Kinsey to accelerate greatly in school and on into his adult life. Using his doctoral degree as a sex education professor, Kinsey married having a family with 4 children, whom viewed sex with openness, allowing nudity in the house. Kinsey interest in sex was extreme and his goal was to â€Å"discover every single thing people did sexually† (Gathorne-Hardy, 1998, p. 182). Kinsey opened Institute for sex research and published the Kinsey report. It then generated two books on sexual behavior. Both books and Kinsey sexual practice throughout his life gave a lot of controversial and extreme allegations, that Kinsey was bisexual, played in masochistic sexual practices and engaged in child sexual abuse. Biological Kinsey family life consisted of both parents, displaying very little affection which caused Kinsey to believe it was a sexless marriage, with a controlling father. Kinsey grew an inadequate feeling about himself. He gained a need to excel academic wise causing him to gather all information possible about others sex lives. He became upset with his sex life as well as others. His marriage and family life dealt with his explicit interest in sex. Emotional Kinsey questions his own sexuality in adolescence and adulthood. Kinsey displayed a need for self-assurance through validation of his achievements. Kinsey â€Å"was a very sickly throughout his childhood and felt demeaned by his father† (Meyer, Chapman, Weaver, 2009,). Kinsey felt as the â€Å"authorities† on sexual research and education. Kinsey gathered and engaged in illegal sexual acts. Cognitive Kinsey thinking was prevalent to psychosexual disorder as the result of faulty socialization and learning, affected by genetic and temperament variables. The psychosexual disorder carries significance development of deviant and disrupted sexual behavior. Kinsey, not caring about his sexual apparatus, bisexual or participating in masochistic united his psychosexual disorder with a gender identity. Behavioral Kinsey â€Å"variation in sexual behavior are limited only by an individual’s imagination† (Laws O’Donohue, 2008; Sbrage O’Donohue, 2004). Kinsey behavior was repressed without any sexual acts. Census had Kinsey bisexual and engaging in Masochistic sexual practices. Conclusion In conclusion, even though impairment and distress are the primary diagnostic criteria for the verdict of abnormal disorders in both Axis I and Axis II disorders, the two categories can still are distinguished through the pervasiveness and subjective assessment of the personality disorder. Axis I categories of bulimia nervosa, sexual and gender disorder, exhibitionism are all rooted in biological or genetic predispositions that find their expression through sociocultural, affective, and behavioral triggers. By addressing these components biological, emotional, cognitive and behavioral factors in these disorders, psychological science develops a more clear understanding of these disorders in an effort to engage the individuals in successful therapeutic applications. Alfred C. Kinsey grew up with a controlling father and a sexless household. But in the long run his life was filled with sexual practices and controlling deviance behavior which initialed him with psychosexual disorder and carefree form of gender identity.

Research Report: The Great Gatsby :: essays research papers fc

Research Report: The Great Gatsby   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In â€Å"The Great Gatsby: A Criticism of American Society,† author Ned Mack discusses how F. Scott Fitzgerald criticizes the American Society in the 1920’s for its trend to waste, advertise, encourage superficial relationships, and an obsession with appearances. All four of these things are very evident in the novel, and Mack just breaks each of them down individually. Mack talks about how the Valley of Ashes is an example of people being wasteful in the 1920’s. People in America use what they want and when they want and leave the remains or waste, you might call it, behind for the un-wealthy to clean up. â€Å"The valley of ashes was once a flourishing town, but was used until it was no longer valuable and was thus abandoned.† (qtd. In Mack) This is very true the rich people in the novel were by no means conservationist. They would not think twice about using things in excess and then discarding them how they please. Advertising plays a huge role in this novel. Mack says, â€Å"The billboard in the Valley of Ashes is held above the rest of the town and represents society worshipping advertising† (2). This is evident in the novel not only are business’ advertised but in a way people are always advertising themselves. By talking about their own business’ or even worse putting themselves on display and advertising themselves, but not as people, but more like objects and how wealthy they are. An example of this is when Mr. And Mrs. Mckee are at Myrtle’s party and the narrator Nick is talking about the Mckees and he says referring to Mrs. Mckee, â€Å"She told me with pride her husband had photographed her a hundred and twenty-seven times since they had been married† (qtd. In Mack) Subconsciously, Mrs. Mckee is advertising her husband and that he is a photographer. Mack goes on to talk about the American obsession with appearance that is shown throughout the novel. An example of this would be that Gatsby has a huge library filled with books that have never been opened. Gatsby is just trying to be someone that he is not in order to fit a certain image. Another character obsessed with her appearance and how people perceive her is Myrtle. At her party, she pretends that she has a kitchen full of servants who are waiting on her†¦when in reality she doesn’t. Research Report: The Great Gatsby :: essays research papers fc Research Report: The Great Gatsby   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In â€Å"The Great Gatsby: A Criticism of American Society,† author Ned Mack discusses how F. Scott Fitzgerald criticizes the American Society in the 1920’s for its trend to waste, advertise, encourage superficial relationships, and an obsession with appearances. All four of these things are very evident in the novel, and Mack just breaks each of them down individually. Mack talks about how the Valley of Ashes is an example of people being wasteful in the 1920’s. People in America use what they want and when they want and leave the remains or waste, you might call it, behind for the un-wealthy to clean up. â€Å"The valley of ashes was once a flourishing town, but was used until it was no longer valuable and was thus abandoned.† (qtd. In Mack) This is very true the rich people in the novel were by no means conservationist. They would not think twice about using things in excess and then discarding them how they please. Advertising plays a huge role in this novel. Mack says, â€Å"The billboard in the Valley of Ashes is held above the rest of the town and represents society worshipping advertising† (2). This is evident in the novel not only are business’ advertised but in a way people are always advertising themselves. By talking about their own business’ or even worse putting themselves on display and advertising themselves, but not as people, but more like objects and how wealthy they are. An example of this is when Mr. And Mrs. Mckee are at Myrtle’s party and the narrator Nick is talking about the Mckees and he says referring to Mrs. Mckee, â€Å"She told me with pride her husband had photographed her a hundred and twenty-seven times since they had been married† (qtd. In Mack) Subconsciously, Mrs. Mckee is advertising her husband and that he is a photographer. Mack goes on to talk about the American obsession with appearance that is shown throughout the novel. An example of this would be that Gatsby has a huge library filled with books that have never been opened. Gatsby is just trying to be someone that he is not in order to fit a certain image. Another character obsessed with her appearance and how people perceive her is Myrtle. At her party, she pretends that she has a kitchen full of servants who are waiting on her†¦when in reality she doesn’t.

Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay

After the publication of The Scarlet Letter in the year 1850 Nathaniel Hawthorne was recognized as one of the most significant writer in the United States. He has the ability to write like a â€Å"romancer† able to probe the inner mysteries and also as a realist who can describe to the reader the American character and experience (Gollin, par. 1). This means that in the early to the middle-part of the 19th century Hawthorne as writer can be depended upon as a guide, able to show how America was shaped by the forces of religion, migration, and other forces unique to the New World. Hawthorne is not a religious writer but the reader can get more from his work when it comes to the study of religion and religious men than by reading a religious treatise. The following will examine the man and the writer as he became instrumental in how the world came to view and understand nation building the American way. Biography   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   He was born in Salem, Massachusetts on July 4, 1804. He came from a family of Puritans. His father was a sea captain who died when he was four years old and so his mother brought him up together with his two sisters. For a few years he lived in Raymond, Maine but he was forced to go back to Salem so that he can prepare for college. It was at this time that he knew he was going to be a writer but at the same time realized that it would be difficult to earn a living writing full time (Golin, par. 2). He would always complain about the fact that he was forever forced to spend time and energy to make money to buy bread rather than to devote a great deal of his time doing the thing that he really loved. However, circumstances prevented him from doing so, especially when he decided to marry and raise a family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But when he had the means and the opportunity to write, Hawthorne began to show his brilliance as a man of letters. Even his early works like Young Goodman Brown and Twice-told Tales gained approval from critics (Golin, par. 3). Nonetheless, Hawthorne still could not find a way to make writing novels a full-time job. He was forced to gain political appointments so he can have a decent source of income from working in places like the Customs House. Yet since he was a political appointee he was at the mercy of those who are in power. In 1849 he was dismissed and he fought to be reinstated. (Golin, par. 7).   He was rejected once more but this failure became a stepping stone for him because it was also during this time that he completed The Scarlet Letter, a novel that would catapult him to fame.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It was The Scarlet Letter that made him famous as a writer who chose to express himself in the genre of romance. He was a unique writer in the sense that he spoke against the excesses of the Puritan tradition (Idol & Jones, p. 471). But what made his works so penetrating and so influential was the fact that he was an insider. He was no ordinary journalist who merely investigated the character flaws of the Puritans, he was one of them, the descendant of one of the most feared and respected Puritan. Moreover, he lived in Salem, the infamous location of the Salem witch trials.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   He would later learn about the intimate details of the paranoia that swept the region and he would also come to know his ancestors who ruled the area with an iron fist. His embarrassment to be associated with them and the horrors that he discovered forever influenced his writing style and the type of subject matter that he would like to deal with in his future writings. His inspiration for doing so was described clearly in one of his autobiographical works and there he revealed his desire to remove the stain that embellished the Hawthorne name and he wrote: He was a soldier, legislator, judge †¦ he had all the Puritanic traits both good and evil. He was likewise a bitter persecutor, as witness the Quakers, who have remembered him in their histories †¦ His son, too, inherited the persecuting spirit,and made himself so conspicuous in the martyrdom of the witches, that their blood may fairly be said to have left a stain upon him (Woodberry, p. 124). By writing about the Puritans and the good as well as the bad things they did provided a way out for Hawthorne, a type of healing for the soul and the emotions. It can be argued that he was not very proud of his heritage but by writing about it he can have the ability to rectify some of the damages created by his ancestors. His ancestors thought that everything they did was righteous, but Hawthorne, writing generations later would like to set the record straight that although the Puritans help build a New World their religious views can sometimes do more harm than good. The Scarlet Letter   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Everything that he knew and everything that he felt he poured out in the writing of The Scarlet Letter. This is perhaps the reason why this novel is considered a masterpiece. In the second chapter of the tale Hawthorne was able to capture the imagination of the readers when he brought them to a place where severe punishment was given to those who disobeyed the law no matter how trivial it may sound in the hearing of modern men. Hawthorne said that a lazy servant, a disobedient child, a person with different religious views, and even an â€Å"Indian† who may have behaved not in accordance to the customs of the land can receive punishment that should have been reserved only for criminals and not those who simply wanted to exercise their God-given freedom to live and pursue happiness.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hawthorne then explained why the people living in that particular village acted so harshly and he wrote: â€Å"Meagre, indeed, and cold, was the sympathy that a transgressor might look for, from such bystanders, at the scaffold. On the other hand, a penalty which, in our days, would infer a degree of mocking infamy and ridicule, might then be invested with almost as stern a dignity as the punishment of death itself† (Hawthorne, Chap. 2). In the opening scene a woman named Hester Prynne emerged from prison clutching her baby in her arms and with a scarlet letter A embroidered on her bosom, symbol of ignominy according to the norms and values of old Massachusetts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The readers felt the harshness of the sentence but pity turned to anger just as quickly when they discovered that a woman like Hester Prynee could not commit the sin of adultery without a partner. Aside from that the emergence of Hester’s husband – who apparently abandoned her – added another reason as to the need for clemency. But there is more. The adulterous partner was a respected clergyman who was so full of hypocrisy that he even joined with the inquisitors to force out from Hester the name of the man who committed adultery with her.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When Hester did not answer the clergyman as well as those who condemned her to a life of shame and misery the story reached another level of complexity. The woman considered to be the most sinful in the village has transcended her accusers by becoming more righteous than them because she chose to love her enemies. Hester’s actions mirrored the one felt by Hawthorne. He was not anti-religious or anti-God. One can even argue that Hawthorne believed in God and the Bible but he simply could not accept why men of shallow thinking was given the power and the influence to teach the Word of God without learning first compassion and wisdom. Instead of learning the intricacies of the law and the knowledge on how to dispense of punishment in the most cruel and inhumane manner, these ministers should have learned wisdom and love first. By doing so they could have been better servants of God.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is not hard to see Hawthorne’s allusion to another famous Bible story when an adulterous woman was brought to Jesus to be judged. The woman was brought to Jesus simply because the Nazarene had earn the reputation for being merciful to the point that the religious leaders of his day interpreted his actions as heresy and a blatant demonstration of unfaithfulness to the Jewish religion and to their traditions. By bringing the woman who was caught in adultery, they sought to trap Jesus and to force him to act in accordance to the Law and if he refused then he will be condemned like the woman in front of her.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At this point one can appreciate the complexity of Hawthorne’s writing. He was not simply giving an indictment against the Puritans, he was also trying to show them how it should have been done, not using the author’s righteousness but using the same Bible against them. The Pharisees who was trying to trap Jesus was the ancient version of the Puritans who could not see the big picture, they can only saw the legal aspect, not the person in front of them. And so going back to the Bible story and Jesus this is what the religious leaders said to him: They made her stand before the group  and said to Jesus, â€Å"Teacher, this woman was caught in the act of adultery.  In the Law Moses commanded us to stone such women. Now what do you say? (John 8:3-5, NIV) Once again the woman was alone standing in the crowd of men. Where was the man who committed adultery with her? Where was the man who committed the act of adultery with Hester? The religious leaders did not wish to punish the woman because they sincerely believed that she should be punished but they went to great lengths to humiliate her simply because they wanted to uphold an ancient tradition, to preserve a way of life. Furthermore, there is a deeper lesson that the author wanted everyone to know: the community must abide by the rules and regulations because those who will not participate or those who will not consent are considered to be as guilty as the sinner. But Jesus was not afraid of the religious leaders, their accusations, and their condemnation. Jesus instead allowed them to see the big picture that all of them are guilty of secret sins. It may be big or small but if the community focused on punishment rather than in building each other up then they will simply destroy the way of life that they so cherish. They can stone the woman but the one who will cast the first stone must be blameless because the moment he would hurl the first stone his neighbor will turn on him for he too deserved to be punished. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The brilliance of Hawthorne can be seen in so many levels. He was a gifted writer able to describe and analyze the way the Puritans had shaped the New World. But instead of simply criticizing them for their legalistic ways he also offered a way out for them by creating indirect references to the Word of God and when he used it as a basis for his writings he was not only able to rectify the misdeeds of the past, he was also able to show there is a better way to build a new nation. Works Cited Gollin, Rita. â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne.† In The Heath Anthology of American Literature. 5th Accessed 21 July 2010 from http://college.cengage.com/english/lauter/ heath/4e/students/author_pages/early_nineteenth/hawthorne_na.html Hawthorne, Nathaniel. â€Å"The Scarlet Letter.† Accessed 21 July 2010 from http://www.online-literature.com/hawthorne/scarletletter/ Holy Bible. â€Å"The Gospel of John.† The New International Version. Accessed 22 July 2010   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   from http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=john%208&version=NIV Idol, John & Buford Jones. Nathaniel Hawthorne: The Contemporary Reviews. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1994. Woodberry, George. Nathaniel Hawthorne. SC: BiblioBazaar, 2008.

War on Drugs Essay examples - 1932 Words

I. Thesis and Literature Summary In our contemporary society, the media constantly bombards us with horror stories about drugs like crack-cocaine. From them, and probably from no other source, we learn that crack is immediately addictive in every case, we learn that it causes corruption, crazed violence, and almost always leads to death. The government tells us that we are busy fighting a war on drugs and so it gives us various iconic models to despise and detest : we learn to stereotype inner-city minorities as being of drug-infested wastelands and we learn to witchhunt drug users within our own communities under the belief that they represent moral sin and pure evil. I believe that these titles and ideals are preposterous†¦show more content†¦They assert that the government has invested considerably in studies whose results could be used to wage the perennial war on drugs while to politicians, that war has amounted to nothing more than a perceptual war on poverty and u rban crime. Since politicians have had little else of marketable interest to debate over the years, this aggressive attack on drugs has existed as one of their only colorful means by which to create debate, controversy, and campaign fuel. In other words, when balancing the budget and maintaining an effective foreign policy became two boring to handle, Reinarman and Levine assert that the crack epidemic became the focus of politicians with the intent of luring public interest to their flashy anti-drug campaigns. Finally, in addition to the medias excess attention on the war against drugs, Reinarman and Levine make the point the constant coverage of crack in the news media has only been counterproductive to the alleged goals of any anti-drug program. With descriptions of the crack high that glorify it considerably- the politically-charged media campaigns to fight drugs have worked somewhat ironically as huge advertising campaigns for crack-- increasing public awareness and stimulating the interests of venturous junkies. II. Application of Theoretical Framework While Reinarman and Levine are rather adamant aboutShow MoreRelatedThe War On Drugs And Drugs Essay972 Words   |  4 PagesThe war on drugs have been a critical issue that has repeatedly held a great debate topic. It was in the 1906 when the first act against drug was put into effect with the Pure Food and Drug Act which required all over-the-counter medication to have label of its ingredients. Under President Nixon the first executive branch office to coordinate drug policy was formed and the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act was put into place. 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Many innocent citizens of Mexico are killed and constantly being threatened. Violence suffocates the streets putting visitors at risk of their lives as well. Many believe that a lot of this has to do with the corrupt